The Electronic Protocol Book Table of contents      An electronic protocol book with 500 protocols and 100 recipes. A great quick and practical reference for bench scientists as well as for new students. (Available for both PC and Mac.)   Get a copy Compare Primo to other online primer design software and find the advantages: CODEHOP DoPrimer GeneFisher GPRIME NetPrimer Oligos-U-Like Primer3 Primer Design Primer Generator Primer Selection Primo (Recommended) STS Web Primer (Recommended) Web Primers Primo HighLow 1.3 Primo HighLow hypothesizes that the best PCR primers for a template with high or low GC contents are primers that can initiate amplification only at the desired positions. Primers whose 3' sequences match the internal sequences on the template may accidentally initiate amplification. Once initiated the internal sequences will be amplified with better efficiency because they are shorter than the full-length product. For templates that are GC or AT-rich, have repeats, or are long, some primers may have 3' sequences that will match internally at a high frequency, thus make it difficult to amplify the full-length product. By eliminating those primers, we hope to select primers that will have a better chance of amplifying the full-length product. Figure 1. Red primers do not pair internally, thus may have higher amplification efficiency for the full-length product. Other primers (marked with x) may pair internally in either sense or antisense directions. The internal pairing may contribute to amplification noises.

BioToolKit 300 (PC and Mac)   Order download Primo 3.4 (PCR primer design) and Abie 3.0 (peptide antibody design) are parts of functions included in BioToolKit 300 , a collection of tools frequently used by bench biomedical scientists: Primo 3.4 PCR primer design:      Pro --- Standard PCR and RT-PCR.      Multiplex --- Multiple PCRs in one tube.      Degenerate --- Degenerate PCR for one or more genes.      Optimum --- Optimize codon usage. Gene Synthesis.      Diverse --- Most diverse regions of a family.      Unique --- Amplify one gene from a family.      MSP --- Methylation specific PCR.      Random --- Random primers for fingerprinting.      Profile --- Profile 10s-1000s of genes. Abie Pro 3.0: Select antigenic peptide for antibody production and reduce background cross-reactions. Centrifugation speed/force conversion for any rotor. Molecular weight calculation for oligos, peptides, and chemicals. Molar calculator for concentration-related calculations. Spectrometer calculator for DNA and protein concentration. Stock recipe calculator for tens of commonly used stock solutions. Units conversion in 14 categories. Master cocktail mix calculator for multiple reactions. Clinical: time/date conversion, body-mass index, body area. MicroHelper: Merge, filter, transform, and normalize microarray data. Godlist Manager: Batch GenBank search for info or sequence. Generate web links to databases. Heatmap Viewer: Display high-throughput data using colors. Save image as JPEG file for presentation. LabLabel: Label and barcode printing LabInventory: Practical inventory database PrimerBase: Organize primers. Searchable by name and sequence. PeptideBase: Database for peptides. GradeBook: Grade book for professor/TA